Perceived age and weight discrimination, more than perceived race and sex discrimination, are linked to worse health in older adults, according to new research from the Florida State University College of Medicine.
The findings are part of a study measuring changes in health over a four-year period and published in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.
“Our previous research showed that perceived discrimination based on body weight was associated with risk of obesity. We wanted to see whether this association extended to other health indicators and types of discrimination,” said lead author Angelina Sutin, assistant professor of behavioral sciences and social medicine.
“What we found was unexpected and striking.”
Sutin and colleagues found that older adults who perceived weight discrimination and older adults who perceived discrimination based on age, a physical disability or other aspect of appearance had significantly lower physical and emotional health and greater declines in health compared to people who did not report experiencing such discrimination.
In contrast, perceived discrimination based on relatively fixed characteristics — race, sex, ancestry and sexual orientation — were largely unrelated to declines in physical and emotional health for the older adults.
The findings are based on a sample of more than 6,000 adults who participated in the Health and Retirement Study, a study of Americans ages 50 and older and their spouses. Participants reported on their physical, emotional and cognitive health in 2006 and 2010 and also reported on their perceived experiences with discrimination.
“We know how harmful discrimination based race and sex can be, so we were surprised that perceived discrimination based on more malleable characteristics like age and weight had a more pervasive effect on health than discrimination based on these more fixed characteristics,” Sutin said.
The one exception was loneliness.
Loneliness was the most widespread health consequence of discrimination among older adults. Discrimination based on every characteristic assessed in Sutin’s study was associated with greater feelings of loneliness. According to previous studies, the effects of chronic loneliness are severe: increased risk for unhealthy behaviors, sleep disturbances, cardiovascular risk factors and suicide.
“Humans have a strong need to belong, and people often feel distressed when they do not have their desired social relationships,” Sutin said. “Our research suggests that perceiving a hostile society is associated with pervasive feelings of loneliness. An individual may interpret discrimination as an indication that they do not fit in the society in which they live.”
Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by Florida State University. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Original story here.
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Wahoo Blue review,
After careful consideration of the reviews, I decided to try this device on my I phone 4s. I had been to both the web-site and multiple sites reviewing this product. I decided to order through amazon because I can just return the product if it doesn’t work. I am training with coach for 2 Iron man races in 2013. Heart rate stuff important. reviews made me very cautious. I did double check all sources to make sure I have an I phone 4S as described on wahoo blue site. This is important.
GOAL
My goal was to be able to utilize my Iphone 4S to capture heart rate information, training zones, cadence, speed, etc. and to upload to my training peaks account online. I already use multiple APPS to get most information. My dilemma, Buy new Garmin watch or use I-phone 4S (either Ant+ or Bluetoothe). Decided to use bluetoothe and return if it does not work. I decided I would try just the heart rate monitor and see how it goes, then move onto the Speed/cadence later if all goes well. If it doesnt work, I could just return and not waist alot of time. Thanks Amazon.
SHIPPING
Shipping was very fast thru amazon prime….. in 2 days.
SETUP…easy
The product came in a box with few instructions (Slight negative), so I did go to the website to make sure that I followed the directions on the wahoo blue site […] then followed link to “BLUE HR getting started guide” near the bottom of the page.
Next,
I went to the apple I-store and downloaded the wahoo fitness app prior to trying anything. Wet the transducer, put on the strap, and opened the Wahoo fitness app and followed the directions. this is the sequence… Run settings, heart rate, add a new device. and it paired. back to start page…..push GREEN (get ready) and the heart rate was displayed and it was working. Similar process with Endomondo pro.
Adjustable strap comfortable and adjustable. electrode pads stand out from the rest of strap, easy to wet.
HEART RATE INFO
I a drawer full of Heart rate straps, wore the Wahoo Blue heart rate monitor at the same time as my Polar FT1 and FT4 Coded on multiple 6-8-10 mile runs and 25 mile rides. Virtually identical information with both. Max on the Blue was 2 beats more than the Polar 1 and same on Polar FT4 coded. Average Heart rate the same on all. Have not worn this in the pool. Zones change smoothly and quickly. no lag time with heart rate changes.
UPLOAD
I found that the App that you use will determine upload to training peaks. With Endomondo, when you finish the workout, you must go to the website and upload from Endomondo. With Wahoo fitness you are given the option to upload each workout from either the iphone from workout history or at the end of the workout. Both are very easy. This is nice but will upload to a bunch of other apps also.
Not all apps worked with the Blue HR, some apps do not work. Sport-tracker does not work, you must use their heart rate strap. Conclusion is that some apps work and some do not, but I think that each app may or may not work, double check the list on the website for training peaks and wahoo blue. I know that Wahoo fitness does work. All data including heart rate zones uploaded along with maps and data. Conclusion, the apps control this heart rate monitor. Make sure the app you use is listed with wahoo blue Compatible Apps: Wahoo Fitness, MotionX-GPS, RunKeeper, Runmeter, Cyclemeter, MapMyRUN, MapMyRIDE, 321run, Endomondo, and more!
BATTERY USE
Been using for 2 weeks now, no problems.
All heart rate zones transferred to training peaks. Went on a 2 hour run yesterday and started at 80% battery on the I-Phone 4S. Turned off WiFi and closed all apps except both Endomondo and Wahoo Fitness. Left Blue tooth on obviously. Listened to music, had a 10 minute call while running, and had a set of headphones plugged into I-phone, I also turn off the display most of the time. Battery left after 2 hours…..65% (15% battery Usage). Did another similar 2 hour run and left the display on the entire time and I used 28% of battery over 2 hours . Conclusion, blue tooth isn’t using much battery, screen monitor does.
CONCLUSION
I will move onto the Speed/Cadence and see how that works. So far very pleased with this heart rate monitor. Do not need to pair each time. once it is set up it seems to work. Have also used simultaneously with a Bluetooth headset, all works well. 2 Bluetooth devices at once. So far…..I liika dis.
Hope this helps
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|Very Nice, but I Prefer the Polar H7,
1. Fit: The Wahoo unit is an elastic belt with a snap on each side, plus a small transmitter. You dampen the contact points on the belt, wrap it around your chest, then snap each side into one side of the transmitter, which then holds the belt closed. (It’s hard to describe, but the belt doesn’t literally connect – it as a gap which is bridged by the transmitter.) The belt has two slides that let you size it to fit, and is comfortable. I like that you can unhook the transmitter to turn the belt off, which saves power — in older HRMs, the transmitter was built in and did not turn off until the belt lost contact.
The Polar unit is similar, except that the belt has a hook that holds it closed, then you snap the unit onto the belt after that. (Again, it’s hard to describe, but with the Polar, the belt itself goes all the way around your chest and connects with a bra-strap style hook on the side. The transmitter then clips on top of the belt.)
Result: Tie – both units are comfortable and work well.
2. Compatibility: Both units use low energy bluetooth, which saves power, but is only built into the newest generation of devices. They both work fine with my iPhone 4S and my 3rd generation iPad, and are both rated compatible with the iPhone 5. (Some of the reviewers have complaints about the Polar’s compatibility with some iPhone uses, but I’ve never had a problem).
Unfortunately, neither one is rated as compatible with android or windows devices, even if those devices have low energy bluetooth built in. That’s unfortunate, and I hope that it gets resolved soon. (A few people have reportedly gotten the Polar to work in limited cases, and the Wahoo might too, but I would not count on it without a lot of research.)
The Polar does win on one compatibility issue — it also transmits standard HRM data on a 5 gz band. As a result, it will show your heart rate on gym equipment that accepts standard HRM data, and works with my basic Polar watch, my rowing machine, etc. (In fact, maybe it works too well — last week at the gym, it put my HR on my machine AND on my neighbor’s!) I haven’t been able to get the Wahoo monitor to show up on any of my non-bluetooth receivers, so if backwards compatibility is important to you, take a look at the Polar.
Result: Slight advantage to the Polar on backwards compatibility.
3. Apps: In my tests, both the Wahoo and the Polar work with Runkeeper. I don’t have Endomondo, but understand they both work with that too. If you prefer one of those apps, then it’s a wash. However, Wahoo’s app works with Wahoo (obviously), and Digifit currently works only with Polar. I like Digifit a lot, so I prefer the Polar on this element, but your preference will obviously affect your vote. (Note that it costs a few dollars to activate cardio monitoring in Digifit, while the Wahoo app is free, but IMHO it’s worth it).
Result: Depends on your app preference.
4. Price: The price of both units is likely to vary over time, so I’ll let you do the comparison. As of the time of this review, the Polar is slightly less expensive, even if you are going to buy the full version of Digifit, but definitely check before you make your decision.
Summary: This is a great unit for a user with a newer iOS device, especially if you like the Wahoo app. The Polar H7 is a very close competitor though, so your choice will probably come down to which app you like better.
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