Weight loss surgery might have more value than simply helping morbidly obese people to shed unhealthy extra pounds. It reduces their risk of cancer to rates almost similar to those of people of normal weight. This is the conclusion of the first comprehensive review article taking into account relevant studies about obesity, cancer rates and a weight loss procedure called bariatric surgery. Published in Springer’s journal Obesity Surgery, the review was led by Daniela Casagrande of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil.
With bariatric surgery, a part of a patient’s stomach is reduced to a small pouch. This pouch is attached directly to the small intestine, bypassing most of the rest of the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine to ensure long-term weight loss and to reduce the chances of early deaths due to severe obesity. Cancer rates in obese people are as high as 2.12 cases per 1,000 person-years.
Because previous studies suggested a relationship between bariatric surgery and reduced cancer risk among obese people, Casagrande and her colleagues set out to shed light on these claims. They contrasted and combined results from 13 relevant studies that focus on the incidence of cancer in patients following bariatric surgery. These include both controlled and uncontrolled studies, and the relevant information of 54,257 participants.Their systematic review shows that bariatric surgery is associated with a reduction in the incidence of cancer among morbidly obese patients.
They found that cancer only occurred in 1.06 cases per 1,000 person-years, up to 23 years after the surgery was performed. This is markedly better than the rate for the global population of obese people.
Importantly, the effect of bariatric surgery was found within both controlled and uncontrolled studies. Four controlled studies showed that bariatric surgery was associated with a reduction in the risk of cancer. It is still unknown whether the lower cancer rates following bariatric surgery are related to the metabolic changes associated with weight loss, or if lower body mass indexes (BMIs) following surgery result in earlier diagnosis and improved cancer treatment outcomes among patients.
According to Casagrande, it is difficult to separate the effects of the surgery from the multiple associated changes it yields in patients. She believes that undergoing a surgical procedure of the magnitude of bariatric surgery raises awareness and possible earlier diagnosis of cancer among such patients.”Bariatric surgery is associated with reduced cancer risk in morbidly obese people,” says Casagrande. However, she cautions that conclusions should be drawn with care because there was high heterogeneity among the studies. She continued that there were some limitations about the data available among the studies, and that variables associated with cancer should still be measured in prospective bariatric surgery trials.
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Here you go 8 minutes to dance your way to fitness! Dance that begins in my spirit, taps my soul and transforms my body. This is a clip from my cable fitness…
<p>Question by Canna Tolly: What is a fitness level?
what are the fitness levels? Did i even ask that right? Oh and one more question could yo u give me an example?
THANK U!
Best answer:
Answer by Alana
Your fitness level is a genera gauge of where you are fitness wise. You can track this by: First checking with your doctor and asking any questions of them regarding your health and fitness. And,Joining a gym ( or paying) and having them do a fit level test : You may go up and down steps for a certain period of time, Walk on a treadmill a certain number of minutes ( to test endurance) do sit ups, stretches ( test your flexibility), etc, along with a blood pressure check, body fat analysis, etc. Then when you work out lets say you started on a treadmill only being able to do 1.5 MPH for about 15 minutes. A month later, you can do 2.5 MPH for 30 minutes. Definitely here your fitness level has gone up now in the area of endurance on the treadmill. If you track your workouts, and get fit level testing every few months you will know if you have made any positive gains in your fitness level. You can do this same tracking whenever you lift weights ( free or machine) Whenever out body adjusts , our fitness level goes up some. ( my opinion). Not sure of any charts showing various fitness levels. I may need to google this. If anyone else is aware of any , please post. Anyway, I hope this helps you out a little.
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A fitness level is a way of measuring your athletic performance, for example running a mile in under so many minutes or measuring the time it takes you to do other physical tasks such as 20 push ups, or 20 sit ups.
The fitness level required to be, for example, an elite soldier is very high and all but the most fit and determined will fail that level. The same applies for Olympic athletes.
Policemen and Firemen (yes, I do know I am being politically incorrect here!) – lol – Well, cops and fireies also have their own fitness levels which recruits must pass if they want to join.
It makes sense. Coppers occasionally have to chase down criminals on foot, and firemen have to climb ladders and run up stairs to perform rescues. They also have to carry people to safety on their backs. It would be no good if they were so unfit and couldn’t cope.
Another example for you: A gym instructor might want to assess your fitness level when you join a gym, so he or she can tailor a workout regimen to build you up slowly and not have you die of a heart attack. 😉
I hope this helps.